Nanotechnology or Nanotech, is the use of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale for industrial purposes. Molecular nanotechnology is one of the first used method for fabricating microscale products. The National Nanotechnology Initiative gave a more detailed description nanotechnology is defined as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometres (nm). Thus the quantum mechanical effects are of more importance when it comes to research and technologies. The term “ nanoscale technologies “ deals with the wide area of research and applications based on size.
The diverse fields of science includes surface science, organic chemistry, molecular biology, semiconductor physics, energy storage, engineering, microfabrication, and molecular engineering. A series of conventional device physics to the arena of molecular self-assembly is used to develop new materials with the dimensions on the nano scale.
The Current research on Nano Technology incudes
- Interface and Colloid Science such as carbon nanotubes and other fullerenes, and various nanoparticles and nanorods
- Nano Scale Materials for Bulk Applications
- Nanomedicine
- Nanoscale Materials such as Nanopillars which can replace traditional silicon solar cells
- Semiconductor Nanomaterials
- Biomedical Applications
- DNA nanotechnology
- Classical Chemical Synthesis
- Dip Pen nanolithography
- Molecular Beam Epitaxy
- Giant magnetoresistance-based hard drives
- Nanoelectromechanical systems or NEMS
- Transmission Electron Microscopy
- Magnetic Nano Chains
- Molecular scale electronics
- Synthetic molecular motors
- Bionics
- Bio Nanotechonology as in Nano Cellulose